Anti-gastric parietal cell antibodies (AGPA) are usually associated with pernicious anaemia (occurring in approximately 90% of cases) and chronic atrophic gastritis (occurring in approximately 50% of cases).

Anti-smooth muscle antibodies (ASMA) occur in the majority of patients with autoimmune hepatitis (commonly referred to as chronic active hepatitis) in high titre (>160) and in intermediate titers (40-80) in cases of acute viral hepatitis. Occasionally they may occur in cases of primary biliary cirrhosis.

Autoimmune hepatitis, commonly, can be divided into type I and type II: autoantibodies found in patient sera exhibit ANA and actin reactions in type I, or liver kidney microsomal (LKM-1) reactions in type II.